The 'grandmother of Afghanistan' dies aged 90

American historian Nancy Hatch Dupree, who dedicated much of her life to preserving Afghanistan's heritage, died in a Kabul hospital on Sunday aged 90. Tributes poured in for the woman sometimes referred to as Afghanistan's "grandmother", who was widely respected for her efforts to safeguard the war-torn country's history and culture.

Dupree first arrived in the Afghan capital in 1962 as the wife of a U.S. diplomat. In the city she met her second husband, the late American archaeologist Louis Dupree and developed a lifelong passion for the Muslim country.

Over the next five decades she travelled throughout the country, wrote five guidebooks and documented its past.

Her death was confirmed by Waheed Wafa, executive director of the Afghanistan Centre at Kabul University where tens of thousands of documents preserved by the Duprees are kept.

"Very saddened by the death of #NancyDupree. Afghans value and respect her services of decades for #Afghanistan. Nancy will be missed! RIP," wrote Afghanistan's Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah on Twitter.

Activist Mariam Wardak posted: "You were a blessing, your work will remain a treasure, you are loved and will be missed by the people of #Afghanistan."

"The incredible Nancy Hatch Dupree has passed, 50 years dedicated to preserving Afghanistan's historical docs & artefacts #Kabul #Afghanistan," wrote actress Fereshta Kazemi.

U.S. special charge d'affaires Hugo Llorens, America's top diplomat in Afghanistan in the absence of an ambassador, said Dupree had been a "pillar of the American community in Afghanistan" and would be "forever remembered".

Dupree and her husband lived in Afghanistan until the late 1970s when they were forced to leave by the communist government. They spent time in the Pakistani city of Peshawar, helping Afghan refugees from the conflict during the Soviet occupation of 1979-89 and collecting documents relating to Afghanistan.

Dupree's husband died in 1989 and she moved back to Afghanistan after the U.S.-led invasion in 2001 toppled the ruling Taliban.

Afghan President Ashraf Ghani once reportedly described her as "relentless in the face of adversity".

With the help of the new government, Dupree created a centre to preserve her priceless collection of records for researchers. The Afghanistan Centre houses more than 100,000 documents in the country's two official languages, Dari and Pashto, as well as English and other European languages.

"She was passionate about education and sharing knowledge and making sure Afghans had access to the records of their own history," said Kate Clark of the Afghanistan Analysts Network.

The centre at Afghanistan's top university also provides reading material to hundreds of libraries around the country, a reflection of Dupree's belief that knowledge was key to the impoverished nation's recovery from decades of conflict.

"Afghans possess a remarkable inner strength that has carried them through two decades of war and displacement. If they are given the knowledge they need to fully participate in reconstruction efforts, their country will move forward steadily, to the benefit of all," Dupree wrote in the New York Times in 2008.    (AFP)